What are the 2026 long-term capital gains tax rates?

Long-term capital gains (held over 1 year) are taxed at 0%, 15%, or 20% based on taxable income. For single filers in 2026: 0% up to $48,350, 15% from $48,351 to $533,400, and 20% above $533,400. Married filing jointly: 0% up to $96,700, 15% up to $600,050, and 20% above that.

What is the difference between short-term and long-term capital gains?

Short-term gains are from assets held 1 year or less and are taxed at ordinary income rates (10% to 37%). Long-term gains are from assets held more than 1 year and qualify for preferential rates of 0%, 15%, or 20%.

How do I calculate capital gains tax?

Subtract your cost basis (purchase price plus commissions) from the sale price to get your capital gain. Multiply the gain by the applicable tax rate based on your holding period and total income. High earners may also owe the 3.8% Net Investment Income Tax (NIIT).

Do I owe state tax on capital gains?

Most states tax capital gains as ordinary income at their regular state rates. Nine states have no income tax: Alaska, Florida, Nevada, New Hampshire, South Dakota, Tennessee, Texas, Washington, and Wyoming. Washington does impose a 7% capital gains tax on gains over $270,000.

Can capital losses reduce my taxes?

Yes. Capital losses first offset capital gains of the same type. Excess losses offset the other type. If your total losses exceed gains, you can deduct up to $3,000 against ordinary income per year ($1,500 if married filing separately). Unused losses carry forward indefinitely.

Capital Gains Estimator — Estimate Investment Sale Outcomes (2025 Rates)

2025 Long-Term Capital Gains Tax Brackets

Long-term capital gains (assets held for more than one year) are taxed at preferential rates of 0%, 15%, or 20% depending on your taxable income and filing status.

Rate	Single	Married Filing Jointly	Head of Household
0%	Up to $48,350	Up to $96,700	Up to $64,750
15%	$48,351 – $533,400	$96,701 – $600,050	$64,751 – $566,700
20%	Over $533,400	Over $600,050	Over $566,700

Married Filing Separately uses half of the Married Filing Jointly thresholds.

How Capital Gains Tax Works

When you sell an investment (stocks, bonds, real estate, crypto) for more than you paid, the profit is a capital gain. The tax you owe depends on two key factors:

Holding period: Assets held for more than one year qualify for lower long-term rates. Assets held for one year or less are taxed as ordinary income (short-term).
Your income level: Long-term gains are taxed at 0%, 15%, or 20% based on your total taxable income and filing status.

Short-term capital gains are added to your ordinary income and taxed at your marginal income tax rate, which can be as high as 37% for 2025.

Short-Term vs. Long-Term Capital Gains

Short-term: Taxed at ordinary income rates (10% to 37%). Applies when you hold an asset for less than one year before selling.
Long-term: Taxed at preferential rates (0%, 15%, or 20%). Applies when you hold an asset for one year or more before selling.

Holding investments for at least one year and one day can significantly reduce your tax bill. For example, a taxpayer in the 32% bracket would save 17 percentage points by qualifying for the 15% long-term rate instead.

Tips to Minimize Capital Gains Tax

Hold investments long-term to qualify for the lower 0%/15%/20% rates.
Tax-loss harvesting: Sell losing investments to offset gains. Use our Tax Loss Harvesting Calculator.
Use tax-advantaged accounts: Gains in 401(k)s, IRAs, and Roth IRAs grow tax-free or tax-deferred.
Gift appreciated assets: Donating appreciated stock to charity avoids capital gains tax entirely.
Consider timing: Selling in a lower-income year can reduce your rate or qualify you for the 0% bracket.

For educational purposes only. This estimator provides approximate federal capital gains tax calculations. Consult a qualified tax professional for personalized advice. Does not include state taxes or the 3.8% Net Investment Income Tax (NIIT).

Software	Price	Best For	Action
FreeTaxUSA	Free (Federal)	Simple returns	File Free →
TurboTax	From $69	Complex returns	Start Filing →
H&R Block	From $55	In-person support	File Now →
TaxAct	From $35	Budget option	Get Started →

💡 Why This Matters

Studies show that Americans overpay an average of $1,200 per year in taxes simply because they miss deductions and credits they qualify for. The right tax strategy can save you $2,000 to $10,000 annually, depending on your income, filing status, and life situation.

Common Mistake #1

Not adjusting W-4 withholding after marriage, a new child, or a raise — resulting in a surprise tax bill or an oversized refund (which is an interest-free loan to the IRS).

Common Mistake #2

Choosing the standard deduction without comparing to itemized deductions. Homeowners in high-tax states often miss thousands in savings with the new $40,000 SALT cap.

Common Mistake #3

Missing refundable credits like the Earned Income Tax Credit (EITC). About 20% of eligible taxpayers fail to claim EITC, leaving up to $7,830 on the table.

Understanding Tax Brackets (2026)

Tax brackets are marginal. A single filer earning $60,000 pays an effective rate of about 14% — not the 22% bracket rate. Here is how it breaks down:

10% × $11,925 = $1,192.50
12% × $36,550 = $4,386.00
22% × $11,525 = $2,535.50
Total: $8,114 → Effective rate: ~13.5%

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❓ Frequently Asked Questions

How much can I save with the standard deduction in 2026?+

For 2026, the standard deduction is $16,100 for single filers and $32,200 for married filing jointly under OBBBA. Seniors 65+ get an additional $4,000 bonus deduction, meaning a married couple over 65 could shield up to $40,200 from federal income tax. If your itemized deductions total less than these amounts, the standard deduction is the better choice — and roughly 87% of taxpayers benefit from it.

Should I itemize or take the standard deduction?+

Itemize if your total deductible expenses exceed the standard deduction. Common itemized deductions include mortgage interest, state and local taxes (SALT, now capped at $40,000), charitable donations, and medical expenses exceeding 7.5% of AGI. Use our Federal Income Tax Calculator to compare both options with your specific numbers.

What tax credits am I eligible for in 2026?+

Common 2026 credits include: Child Tax Credit ($2,000/child), Earned Income Tax Credit (up to $7,830 for 3+ children), American Opportunity Credit (up to $2,500 for college), Saver's Credit for retirement contributions, and the Child & Dependent Care Credit. Credits reduce your tax bill dollar-for-dollar, making them more valuable than deductions.

How do tax brackets actually work?+

Tax brackets are marginal, meaning only the income within each bracket is taxed at that rate. Earning $60,000 does not mean you pay 22% on everything. You pay 10% on the first $11,925, 12% on $11,926–$48,475, and 22% only on $48,476–$60,000. Your effective rate ends up around 13.5%. Try our Tax Bracket Calculator to see your exact breakdown.

When should I hire a tax professional vs. DIY?+

Consider a tax professional if you are self-employed, own rental properties, had significant investment activity, experienced major life changes, have foreign income, or earn over $200,000. A CPA typically costs $200–$500 but can save thousands in complex situations. For straightforward W-2 returns, free tax software handles most cases well.

What's the difference between a tax deduction and a tax credit?+

A deduction reduces your taxable income — a $1,000 deduction in the 22% bracket saves $220. A credit reduces your actual tax bill — a $1,000 credit saves you a full $1,000. Some credits are refundable (you get money back even if you owe nothing), while others are non-refundable (they can only reduce your tax to zero).

📚 Did You Know?

$3,167

Average federal tax refund for 2025 filing season. Many taxpayers could keep this money year-round by adjusting their W-4 withholding.

87%

of taxpayers take the standard deduction. With the 2026 increase to $16,100 (single) and $32,200 (married), even more will benefit.

20%

of eligible taxpayers fail to claim the Earned Income Tax Credit, leaving up to $7,830 in refundable credits unclaimed each year.

$40K

New 2026 SALT deduction cap under OBBBA, up from $10,000. A major benefit for homeowners in high-tax states like CA, NY, and NJ.

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Capital Gains Estimator

📈 Estimate Your Capital Gains Tax

Results

2025 Long-Term Capital Gains Tax Brackets

How Capital Gains Tax Works

Short-Term vs. Long-Term Capital Gains

Tips to Minimize Capital Gains Tax

File Your Taxes and Get Your Refund

💡 Why This Matters

Common Mistake #1

Common Mistake #2

Common Mistake #3

Understanding Tax Brackets (2026)

Get Help Filing These Numbers

❓ Frequently Asked Questions

📚 Did You Know?

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Capital Gains Estimator

📈 Estimate Your Capital Gains Tax

Results

2025 Long-Term Capital Gains Tax Brackets

How Capital Gains Tax Works

Short-Term vs. Long-Term Capital Gains

Tips to Minimize Capital Gains Tax

File Your Taxes and Get Your Refund

💡 Why This Matters

Common Mistake #1

Common Mistake #2

Common Mistake #3

Understanding Tax Brackets (2026)

Get Help Filing These Numbers

❓ Frequently Asked Questions

📚 Did You Know?

🛠️ Explore More Tax Tools

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